Pail.



J. H..BERRY & 0. M. RICKER.

PAIL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 3, 1907.

"904,924. Patented Nov. 24, 1908.

UNITE STr-iTliliS PATEN T OFFICE.

JESSE II. BERRY AND CHARLES M. .RIGKER, OF OIIIOAGO,'ILLINO1S, ASSIGNORSTO AMERICAN WOODENWARE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OFILLINOIS.

PAIL.

Application filedEJuly 8, 1907.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all "whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Jnssn II. Bunny and CHARLES lwi. Brenna, citizensof the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cool; andState of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pails,of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in pails,and is fully described and explained in the specification and shown inthe accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure l is a perspective of our completed pail; Fig. 2 is a section inthe line 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan showing the manner in whichthe pail is assembled; and Fig. at is a perspective view showing themanner in which the staves are cut.

The object of our invention is to devise a pail which can be constructedfrom veneer without any waste whatever, which pail, when completed, willhave certain advantages which will appear more fully and at largeherein.

The first step in the manufacture of our pail consists in thenmnufacture of the staves, which are cutfrom a single sheet of veneer,as illustrated in F at. The sheet is cut into staves by a series of cutsinclined toward each other in two directions; in other words these cutsdivide the sheet of veneer into a plurality of staves, each of which isnarrower at one end than at the other when viewed at right angles to itsgeneral plan, and each of which also has one face narrower than other,so that its ends are symmetrical trapezoids, as are its faces. The grainof these staves will run in general longitudinally thereof, the veneerbeing cut across its length and consequently in general with its grain.It will be observed that by this method of cutting the staves there isno waste whatever and staves are very readily produced each similar toeach other stave, and that furthermore the narrower or inside face ofeach stave comes from the opposite face of the veneer sheet from that ofthe stave adjacent to it on either side; in other words, to assemble apail from these staves, it is necessary to invert the alternate staves,so that any completed pail has each alternate stave facing in theopposite direction with respect to its original facing in the veneersheet, from the staves next to them.

The completed staves are indicated in the drawings by A, their inner orobtuse edges being indicated by a and their outer or acute edges beingindicated by (4 The staves are brought together for the construction ofthe pail as indicated in Fig. 3, that is to say, with their inner orobtuse edges a in contact and with their outer or acute edges spreadslightly apart; in other words, the staves are cut with such angles ontheir sides as to make the proper number of staves to form the desiredpail, form a smaller circle than would be obtained were the stavesplaced with their edges in tight contact with each other. After thestaves are arranged in this position, the hoops are driven on,compressing the circle of the staves and causing great compression ofthe material of the inner corners of the staves a. This compression iscarried on to such an extent as to cause the outer edges a to come intocontact, whereby a pail having a smooth outer surface is obtained, thematerial of the staves at the cracks between them being under very greatcompression, so as to make leakage impossible.

It will be readily understood that the bottom may be inserted in thepail in any usual manner and at any time desired during itsconstruction, and I have therefore not described this portion of theoperation particularly.

The pail is particularly advantageous for a number of reasons. In thefirst place it can be constructed of very cheap material and with nowaste whatever, so that its cost will be extremely low. Furthermore, thecompression of the inner edges produces a very strong pail and onehaving a suflicient margin of elasticity that no ordinary amount ofshrinkage will permit the pail to fall apart, any shrinkage being takenup by expansion of the edges of the staves where they are compressed. Afurther advantage eons s in the fact that the alternate staves face inopposite directions with respect to the manner in which they faced inthe original piece. It is notorious that veneer, largely by reason ofdefects acquired during its mainifacture, tends to warp to a very largeextent. The disadvantage which might otherwise arise from this warpingis entirely done away with in our improved pail, by reason of the factthat the alternate staves face in opposite directions and consequentlythe warping in the alternate staves will be in opposite directions andwill there fore be balanced in the entire pail and in each part thereof.It will further be seen that in making these staves from veneer onestrip after another of veneer can be fed into a suitable machine forcutting the staves, as shown in Fig. 4, and there will still be no wasteas it is entirely immaterial whether or not one of the staves is dividedlongitudinally. Th-us,should a stave happen to overlap the end of aveneer piece, the remaining portion of the stave will be secured withoutwaste from the next succeeding piece.

We realize that considerable variation is possible in the details of ourconstruction without departing from the spirit of our invention, and wetherefore do not intend to limit ourselves to the details ofconstruction herein shown and described.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A. pail comprising, in combination, a series of flat staves eachhaving two trape zoidal faces and two trapezoidal ends, the narrowerfaces of the staves being inward.

2. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of flat staves eachhaving two trapezoidal faces and two trapezoidal ends, said staves beingcut from a single piece, the narrower faces of the staves being inwardand the alternate staves facing in opposite directions with respect totheir facing in the piece from which they were cut.

3. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of staves havinglongitudinal grain and each having two trapezoidal faces and twotrapezoidal ends, said staves being cut from single piece, the narrowerfaces being inward and the alternate staves facing in oppositedirections with reference to their facing in the piece from which theywere cut, whereby warping in the alternate staves is equal and opposite.

4:. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of flat staves eachhaving two trape zoidal faces and two trapezoidal ends, the

narrower face-s being inward and the obtuse longitudinal corners of thestaves being com- I pressed by inward pressure maintained upon thestaves, whereby tight joints are produced and the acute longitudinalcorners are brought into contact.

5. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of fiat staves cut fromsheets of flat material, each stave having two trapezoidal faces and twotrapezoidal ends, whereby waste between the staves is eliminated.

G. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of flat staves cut fromsheets of flat material, each stave having two trapezoidal faces and twotrapezoidal ends, whereby no waste occurs between the staves in cuttingthem, the obtuse longitudinal corners of the staves being compressed byinward pressure maintained upon the staves, whereby the outerlongitudinal corners are brought into contact.

7. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of similar staves cutfrom a sheet of material without waste between the staves, each stavebeing similar to each other stave and each having two trapezoidal facesand two trapezoidal ends.

8. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of staves cuttransversely from a sheet of wood with transverse grain and withoutwaste between the staves, each stave having two trapezoidal faces andtwo trapezoidal ends.

9. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of similar fiat staveswith longitudinal grain and each having two trapezoidal faces and twotrapezoidal ends.

10. A pail comprising, in combination, a series of similar flat staveswith longitudinal g ain, each having two trapezoidal faces and twotrapezoidal ends, the inner longitudinal corners of the staves beingcompressed by forcible inward pressure exerted and maintained upon thestaves.

JESSE H. BERRY. CHARLES M. RICKER.

In presence of AGNES R. MoIN'rYRn, RALPII A. Sormnrnn.

